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The Institution defines itself as a scientific society, a subsidiary of the IEC, which aims to promote the study and dissemination of knowledge relating to natural beings and systems. It has full, honorary, emeritus, corporate and affiliate members. It is governed by the General Assembly, which meets at least once a year and by a board of directors of at least six members (president, vice president, secretary, treasurer and at least two members, one of whom must perform the functions of vice-secretary, although the Statutes do not specify the number, in order to facilitate by way of the internal regulation an adaptation to the changing circumstances of the activities of the Institution).
Sections, commissions or work teams may be set up within the Institution, either on the initiative of the Board of Directors itself or of a group of partners who wish to carry out a specific activity. On the other hand, and with the aim of increasing the territorial presence of the Institution and bringing the activities and possibilities of participation closer to the members, the Institution encourages the creation of delegations and supports its activities; this is the case of the Bages delegation.
Currently the main activities refer to the organization of cycles of scientific sessions, technical conferences and seminars and naturalist courses. It also carries out various activities together with other naturalistic entities and advisory tasks to the institutions. More recently, several projects related to the promotion of research and its application to the management and conservation of natural systems have begun to be developed.
The Bulletin of the Catalan Institution of Natural History is published annually, which includes scientific articles related to the study of organisms and natural systems and their conservation. Not so regularly, more monographic research is also published in the "Memories and Works" collections. The work is disseminated using new information technologies.